《哈利波特》作者、英国女作家JK罗琳在哈佛的演讲：失败的好处和想象的重要性

2020-12-11 环球教育

　　《哈利波特》作者、英国女作家JK罗琳2008年在哈佛大学毕业典礼上的演说，通过讲述自己所经历过的困苦及见证到的时间苦难，告诉大家要坚持梦想、不怕失败、同时要富有同情心、关爱世界。

　　中英对照演讲稿（节选）

　　President Faust,members of the Harvard Corporation and the Board of Overseers,members of the faculty,proud parents,and,above all,graduates。

　　福斯特主席，哈佛公司和监察委员会的各位成员，各位老师、家长、全体毕业生们：

　　The first thing I would like to say is"thank you."Not only hasHarvard given me an extraordinary honour,but the weeks of fear and nausea I’ve endured at the thought of giving this commencement address have made me lose weight.A win-win situation!Now all Ihave to do is take deep breaths,squint at the red banners and convince myselfthat I am at the world’s largest Gryffindors'reunion.

　　首先请允许我说一声谢谢。哈佛不仅给了我无上的荣誉，连日来为这个演讲经受的恐惧和紧张，更令我减肥成功。这真是一个双赢的局面。现在我要做的就是深呼吸几下，眯着眼睛看看前面的大红横幅，安慰自己正在世界上最大的格兰芬多（小编：以防有人没看过《哈利波特》……格兰芬多是小哈利所在的魔法学院的名字）聚会上。

　　Delivering a commencement address is a great responsibility;or so I thought until I cast my mind back to my own graduation.The commencement speaker that day was the distinguished British philosopher Baroness Mary Warnock.Reflectingon her speech has helped me enormously in writing this one,because it turnsout that I can't remember a single word she said.This liberating discovery enables me to proceed without any fear that I might inadvertently influence youto abandon promising careers in business,law or politics for the giddydelights of becoming a gay wizard.

　　发表毕业演说是一个巨大的责任，至少在我回忆自己当年的毕业典礼前是这么认为的。那天做演讲的是英国著名的哲学家Baroness Mary Warnock，对她演讲的回忆，对我写今天的演讲稿，产生了极大的帮助，因为我不记得她说过的任何一句话了。这个发现让我释然，让我不再担心我可能会无意中影响你放弃在商业，法律或政治上的大好前途，转而醉心于成为一个快乐的魔法师（gay有快乐和同性恋的意思）。

　　You see?If all you remember in years to come is the'gay wizard'joke,I've still come out ahead of Baroness Mary Warnock.Achievable goals-the firststep to self-improvement.

　　你们看，如果在若干年后你们还记得“快乐的魔法师”这个笑话，那就证明我已经超越了Baroness Mary Warnock。建立可实现的目标——这是提高自我的第一步。

　　Actually,I have wracked my mind and heart for what I ought to say to youtoday.I have asked myself what I wish I had known at my own graduation,andwhat important lessons I have learned in the 21 years that has expired between that day and this.

　　实际上，我为今天应该和大家谈些什么绞尽了脑汁。我问自己什么是我希望早在毕业典礼上就该了解的，而从那时起到现在的21年间，我又得到了什么重要的启示。

　　I have come up with two answers.On this wonderful day when we are gathered together to celebrate your academic success,I have decided to talk to you about the benefits of failure.And as you stand on the threshold of what issometimes called'real life',I want to extol the crucial importance of imagination.

　　我想到了两个答案。在这美好的一天，当我们一起庆祝你们取得学业成就的时刻，我希望告诉你们失败有什么样的益处；在你们即将迈向“现实生活”的道路之际，我还要褒扬想象力的重要性。

　　These may seem quixotic or paradoxical choices,but bear with me.

　　这些似乎是不切实际或自相矛盾的选择，但请先容我讲完。

　　Looking back at the 21-year-old that I was at graduation,is a slightly uncomfortable experience for the 42-year-old that she has become.Half mylifetime ago,I was striking an uneasy balance between the ambition I had formyself,and what those closest to me expected of me.

　　回顾21岁刚刚毕业时的自己，对于今天42岁的我来说，是一个稍微不太舒服的经历。可以说，我人生的前一部分，一直挣扎在自己的雄心和身边的人对我的期望之间。

　　I was convinced that the only thing I wanted to do,ever,was to write novels.However,my parents,both of whom came from impoverished backgrounds and neither of whom had been to college,took the view that my over active imagination was an amusing personal quirk that could never pay a mortgage,orsecure a pension.

　　我一直深信，自己唯一想做的事情，就是写小说。不过，我的父母，他们都来自贫穷的背景，没有任何一人上过大学，坚持认为我过度的想象力是一个令人惊讶的个人怪癖，根本不足以让我支付按揭，或者取得足够的养老金。

　　I know the irony strikes like with the force of a cartoon anvil now,but…

　　我现在明白反讽就像用卡通铁砧去打击你，但...

　　They had hoped that I would take a vocational degree;I wanted to study English Literature.A compromise was reached that in retrospect satisfied nobody,and I went up to study Modern Languages.Hardly had my parents'car rounded thecorner at the end of the road than I ditched German and scuttled off down the Classic scorridor.

　　他们希望我去拿个职业学位，而我想去攻读英国文学。最后，达成了一个双方都不甚满意的妥协：我改学现代语言。可是等到父母一走开，我立刻放弃了德语而报名学习古典文学。

　　I cannot remember telling my parents that I was studying Classics;they might well have found out for the first time on graduation day.Of all the subjectson this planet,I think they would have been hard put to name one less useful than Greek my thology when it came to securing the keys to an executive bathroom.

　　我不记得将这事告诉了父母，他们可能是在我毕业典礼那一天才发现的。我想，在全世界的所有专业中，他们也许认为，不会有比研究希腊神话更没用的专业了，根本无法换来一间独立宽敞的卫生间。

　　I would like to make it clear,in parenthesis,that I do not blame my parents for their point of view.There is an expiry date on blaming your parents for steering you in the wrong direction;the moment you are old enough to take the wheel,responsibility lies with you.What is more,I cannot criticize my parentsfor hoping that I would never experience poverty.They had been poor themselves,and I have since been poor,and I quite agree with them that it is not an ennobling experience.Poverty entails fear,and stress,and sometimes depression;it means a thousand petty humiliations and hardships.Climbing out of poverty by your own efforts,that is indeed something onwhich to pride yourself,but poverty itself is romanticized only by fools.

　　我想澄清一下：我不会因为父母的观点，而责怪他们。埋怨父母给你指错方向是有一个时间段的。当你成长到可以控制自我方向的时候，你就要自己承担责任了。尤其是，我不会因为父母希望我不要过穷日子，而责怪他们。他们一直很贫穷，我后来也一度很穷，所以我很理解他们。贫穷并不是一种高贵的经历，它带来恐惧、压力、有时还有绝望，它意味着许许多多的羞辱和艰辛。靠自己的努力摆脱贫穷，确实可以引以自豪，但贫穷本身只有对傻瓜而言才是浪漫的。

　　What I feared most for myself at your age was not poverty,but failure.

　　我在你们这个年龄，最害怕的不是贫穷，而是失败。

　　At your age,in spite of a distinct lack of motivation at university,where I had spent far too long in the coffee bar writing stories,and far too littletime at lectures,I had a knack for passing examinations,and that,for years,had been the measure of success in my life and that of my peers.

　　我在你们这么大时，明显缺乏在大学学习的动力，我花了太久时间在咖啡吧写故事，而在课堂的时间却很少。我有一个通过考试的诀窍，并且数年间一直让我在大学生活和同龄人中不落人后。

　　I am not dull enough to suppose that because you are young,gifted and well-educated,you have never known hardship or heartache.Talent and intelligence never yet inoculated anyone against the caprice of the Fates,and I do not for a moment suppose that everyone here has enjoyed an existence of unruffled privilege and contentment.

　　我不想愚蠢地假设，因为你们年轻、有天份，并且受过良好的教育，就从来没有遇到困难或心碎的时刻。拥有才华和智慧，从来不会使人对命运的反复无常有所准备；我也不会假设大家坐在这里冷静地满足于自身的优越感。

　　However,the fact that you are graduating from Harvard suggests that you arenot very well-acquainted with failure.You might be driven by a fear of failurequite as much as a desire for success.Indeed,your conception of failure might not be too far from the average person's idea of success,so high have you already flown academically.

　　相反，你们是哈佛毕业生的这个事实，意味着你们并不很了解失败。你们也许极其渴望成功，所以非常害怕失败。说实话，你们眼中的失败，很可能就是普通人眼中的成功，毕竟你们在学业上已经达到很高的高度了。

　　Ultimately,we all have to decide for ourselves what constitutes failure,butthe world is quite eager to give you a set of criteria if you let it.So I think it fair to say that by any conventional measure,a mere seven years aftermy graduation day,I had failed on an epic scale.An exceptionally short-livedmarriage had imploded,and I was jobless,a lone parent,and as poor as it ispossible to be in modern Britain,without being homeless.The fears my parentshad had for me,and that I had had for myself,had both come to pass,and byevery usual standard,I was the biggest failure I knew.

　　最终，我们所有人都必须自己决定什么算作失败，但如果你愿意，世界是相当渴望给你一套标准的。所以我想很公平的讲，从任何传统的标准看，在我毕业仅仅七年后的日子里，我的失败达到了史诗般空前的规模：短命的婚姻闪电般地破裂，我又失业成了一个艰难的单身母亲。除了流浪汉，我是当代英国最穷的人之一，真的一无所有。当年父母和我自己对未来的担忧，现在都变成了现实。按照惯常的标准来看，我也是我所知道的最失败的人。

　　Now,I am not going to stand here and tell you that failure is fun.That period of my life was a dark one,and I had no idea that there was going to be what the press has since represented as a kind of fairy taleresolution.I had no idea how far the tunnel extended,and for a long time,anylight at the end of it was a hope rather than a reality.

　　现在，我不打算站在这里告诉你们，失败是有趣的。那段日子是我生命中的黑暗岁月，我不知道它是否代表童话故事里需要历经的磨难，更不知道自己还要在黑暗中走多久。很长一段时间里，前面留给我的只是希望，而不是现实。

　　So why do I talk about the benefits of failure?Simply becausefailure meant a stripping away of the inessential.I stopped pretending tomyself that I was anything other than what I was,and began to direct all my energy into finishing the only work that mattered to me.Had I really succeeded at anything else,I might never have found the determination to succeed in the one arena I believed I truly belonged.I was set free,because my greatest fear had been realized,and I was still alive,and I still had a daughter whom I adored,and I had anold typewriter and a big idea.And so rock bottom became the solidfoundation on which I rebuilt my life.

　　那么为什么我要谈论失败的好处呢？因为失败意味着剥离掉那些不必要的东西。我因此不再伪装自己、远离自我，而重新开始把所有精力放在对我最重要的事情上。如果不是没有在其他领域成功过，我可能就不会找到，在一个我确信真正属于的舞台上取得成功的决心。我获得了自由，因为最害怕的虽然已经发生了，但我还活着，我仍然有一个我深爱的女儿，我还有一个旧打字机和一个很大的想法。所以困境的谷底，成为我重建生活的坚实基础。

　　You might never fail on the scale I did,but some failure in life isinevitable.It is impossible to live without failing at something,unless you live so cautiously that you might as well not have lived at all–in which case,you fail by default.

　　你们可能永远没有达到我经历的那种失败程度，但有些失败，在生活中是不可避免的。生活不可能没有一点失败，除非你生活的万般小心，而那也意味着你没有真正在生活了。无论怎样，有些失败还是注定地要发生。

　　Failure gave me an inner security that Ihad never attained by passing examinations.Failure taught me things about myself that I could have learned no other way.I discovered that I had a strong will,and more discipline than I had suspected;I also found out that I had friends whose value was truly above the price of rubies.

　　失败使我的内心产生一种安全感，这是我从考试中没有得到过的。失败让我看清自己，这也是我通过其他方式无法体会的。我发现，我比自己认为的，要有更强的意志和决心。我还发现，我拥有比宝石更加珍贵的朋友。

　　The knowledge that you have emerged wiserand stronger from setbacks means that you are,ever after,secure in your ability to survive.You will never truly know yourself,or the strength of your relationships,until both have been tested by adversity.Such knowledge is atrue gift,for all that it is painfully won,and it has been worth more to methan any qualification I ever earned.

　　从挫折中获得智慧、变得坚强，意味着你比以往任何时候都更有能力生存。只有在逆境来临的时候，你才会真正认识你自己，了解身边的人。这种了解是真正的财富，虽然是用痛苦换来的，但比我以前得到的任何资格证书都有用。

　　So given a Time Turner,I would tell my 21-year-old self that personalhappiness lies in knowing that life is not a check-list of acquisition orachievement.Your qualifications,your CV,are not your life,though you willmeet many people of my age and older who confuse the two.Life is difficult,and complicated,and beyond anyone's total control,and the humility to know that will enable you to survive its vicissitudes.

　　如果给我一部时间机器，我会告诉21岁的自己，人的幸福在于知道生活不是一份漂亮的成绩单，你的资历、简历，都不是你的生活，虽然你会碰到很多与我同龄或更老一点的人今天依然还在混淆两者。生活是艰辛的，复杂的，超出任何人的控制能力，而谦恭地了解这一点，将使你历经沧桑后能够更好的生存。

　　So today,I can wish you nothing better than similar friendships.And tomorrow,I hope that even if you remember not a single word of mine,you remember those of Seneca,another of those old Romans I met when I fled down the Classics corridor,in retreat from career ladders,in search of ancient wisdom:As is a tale,so is life:not how long it is,but how good it is,is what matters.I wish you all very good lives.Thank you very much.

　　明天，我希望你们即使记不得我的名字，你还记得那些塞内加，他是我在罗马文学著作中结识的另一位哲学家，帮助我在我失去工作之时，寻找到古老的生活智慧：

　　生活就像故事一样，不在乎长度，而在于质量。这才是问题的关键。

　　我在此祝大家生活愉快！非常感谢！